Why Did the South Lose the Civil War Essay - 682 Words

Why did the South Lose the Civil War? Beginning as a battle of army versus army, the war became a conflict of society against society. In this kind of war, the ability to mobilize economic resources, the effectiveness of political leadership, and a society’s willingness to keep up the fight despite setbacks, are as crucial to the outcome as success or failure on the battlefields. Unfortunately for the Southern planters, by the spring of 1865, the South was exhausted, and on April 9, Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, effectively ending the war. Economically, the war was a benefit for the North and a disaster for the South. The North began the war with several advantages. The North held a distinct lead in nearly every†¦show more content†¦This was ironic, because a strong central government was what the South needed, but what Abraham Lincoln had in the North. Abraham Lincoln also offered a better explanation to his own people of what they were fighting for. He displayed this leadership through his progressive steps towards emancipation, one early example being the contrabands of war. The army and congress determined that they would not return escaped slaves who went to Union lines and classified them as contraband. They used many as laborers to support Union efforts and soon began to pay them wages. This would seem exceedingly important as the war turned into one against slavery. Despite the lack of economic and political power, the South was also at a loss of collective will. Certainly the course of the war, the military events, had a lot to do with the loss of will. The Southerners hoped that they would win spectacular victories on Northern soil, and that they would be able to exhaust the will of the Northern people, and they failed to do so. The battle of Gettysburg with the largest number of casualties is often described as the war’s turning point. The Union defeated attacks lead by Confederate General Robert E. Lee, ending Lees invasion of the North. With regard to military turning points, the outcome of the war also became inevitable in November 1864 with the reelection of Lincoln and the utter determination to see the things through, and the finding of leader U.S. Grant, the man toShow MoreRelatedWhy Did the South Lose the Civil War Essay1822 Words   |  8 PagesA frequently, and sometimes hotly, discussed subject; the outcome of the American Civil War has fascinated historians for generations. Some argue that the Norths economic advantages proved too much for the South, others that Southern strategy was faulty, offensive when it should have been defensive, and vice-versa. Internal division in the South is often referred to, and complaints made against Davis somewhat makeshift, inexperienced, government. Doubts are sometimes raised over the commitmentRead MoreEssay about Did the North Win the Civil War before it Began?1099 Words   |  5 PagesDid the North Win the Civil War before it Began?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I agree with the idea that the North had won the Civil War before it began to the extent of Lincoln’s conservative political stands. Trying to receive the favor of the South while winning in the North would require Lincoln to take neutral stands in heated political issues like slavery. It wasn’t really wan by the North until he broke away from these stands to enact the Emancipation Proclamation and turn the tides of war in favor of the NorthRead MoreTo What Extent Do You Agree or Disagree with the Idea That the North H1086 Words   |  5 PagesI agree with the idea that the North had won the Civil War before it began to the extent of Lincoln s conservative political stands. Trying to receive the favor of the South while winning in the North would require Lincoln to take neutral stands in heated political issues like slavery. It wasn t really wan by the North until he broke away from these stands to enact the Emancipation Proclamation and turn the tides of war in favor of the North. This Lincoln always publicly condemned the abolitionistsRead MoreWhy Did The North Win The Civil War?1730 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Why did the North win the Civil War?† is only half of a question by itself, for the other half is â€Å"Why did the South lose the Civil War?† To this day historians have tried to put their finger on the exact reason for the South losing the war. Some historians blame the head of the confederacy Jefferson Davis; however others believe that it was the shear numbers of the Union (North). The advantages and disadvantages are abundant on either sides of the argument, but the most dominate arguments on whyRead MoreThe North s Technological Advances939 Words   |  4 PagesThe North’s Technological Advances The Civil War was a time of one country divided among itself because of the freedoms of slaves. When Abe Lincoln was first elected that was the South’s turning point but the attack on Fort Wagner was the beginning battle to a war between States. One result of the Civil War was that Congress put into action the 13th amendment, banning slavery. The North were fighting for the freedom of slaves while on the other hand the South opposed this and fought to keep slaveryRead MoreSlavery Issues Of Slavery Between North And South848 Words   |  4 PagesIssues The issues of slavery between North and South was indirectly the cause of the beginning of civil war. Since the North changed their minds about the black population, they had a difficult time with the South, with they believe that Africans had to serve white people. So the problem between the North and South wasn’t something new, it was happening since the government was trying to prevent spread out of the slavery across America, as a result, South started to create, manipulate, and change theRead MoreEssay on Why The North Won the Civil War1518 Words   |  7 PagesIf wars are won by riches, there can be no question why the North eventually prevailed. The North was better equipped than the South, with the resources necessary to be successful in a long term war like the Civil War was, which was fought from 1861 Ââ€" 1865. Prior, and during the Civil war, the Norths economy was always stronger than the Souths, boasting of resources that the Confederacy had no means of attai ning. Compared to the South, The North had more factories available for production ofRead MoreWhat Caused The Union Of Lose The Civil War?1139 Words   |  5 PagesCaused the Union to Lose the Civil War? By Amelia E. Hicks On April 10, 1865, General Ulysses S. Grant surrendered to General Robert E. Lee of Confederate forces and delivered a farewell address to his Union soldiers, â€Å"After four years of tiring service, marked by supreme courage and commitment,† said Grant, â€Å"the Union Army has been forced to concede to overwhelming numbers and resources.† According to Grant, the Union lost the Civil War, more commonly referred to in its time as the â€Å"War of Northern AggressionRead MoreAnalysis Of James Mcpherson s What They Fought For 1861-1865 933 Words   |  4 PagesJames McPherson the author of What They Fought For 1861-1865, thesis states that the soldiers from both the North and South fought for a large extent for ideology, and not exclusively as brothers in war with other soldiers, for principles of strength or courage, and for the nations of honor and duty. McPherson uses hundreds of letters and diaries from soldiers from both the Union and Confederate troops to show t heir experience. He tries to focus on a variety of attitudes and motives from the volunteerRead MoreSilent Sam, By Julia Craven908 Words   |  4 PagesUniversity of North Carolina’s campus built to honor students who left school and fought in the Civil War. The Civil War was a war between the northern and southern states fought over slavery. Many students now think that the statue is offensive because the people that it honors fought for the South and supported slavery. Silent Sam was erected in 1913 for 321 UNC students who fought in the Civil War. It’s called Silent Sam because he has no ammunition so he’s quiet and then just Sam. The university

William Blake s Poem The Garden Of Love Essay

Relationship Between The Dead and Living in Blake and Gray The church played a critical role in the process of memorializing the dead in the nineteenth century. For instance, William Blake in his poem â€Å"The Garden of Love† depicts death as an abstract concept between the living and deceased due to the interference of an institutionalized church. Adversely, Thomas Gray in â€Å"Elegy in a Country Churchyard† describes a church that embraces the dead, which allows a more individualized approach to the departed. Blake and Gray’s use of time, individualization, and structure reveals the contrasting importance of death opposed to a structural hierarchy. Although both poems showcase how humans’ response to the dead is connected to personal interactions with the living, a close comparison of the approach of death and memorialization in â€Å"The Garden of Love† and criticizes the impeding agency of a higher institutionalized power for preventing the living from having direct contact with the dead. Both Gray and Blake utilize the institutionalization of time as a critical factor for the setting of their poems, but their positioning of the past and present constructs a difference in the specific expectations and responses humans will have to those who have passed away. In â€Å"The Garden of Love† Blake is able to create a clear picture that illustrates what occurs when we see memorialization in the present. The poem notes how the speaker used to visit this garden many times in childhood but heShow MoreRelated William Blake and The Garden of Love Essay1531 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Blake and The Garden of Love    At first glance, the poetry of William Blake may appear simplistic; he writes most often in regular metrical rhythm, apparently sticking to the rules, blunt observations on such mundane subjects as tigers, lambs and roses.   But if one were to finish with Blake and move on, left with only these initial impressions, it would be a great pity; true enjoyment of this poet can only come about through some understanding of his life, Read MoreWilliam Blake Man of the Industrial Revolution1680 Words   |  5 Pageswere among the most abused work force in that country s history. William Blake saw this increase of social injustice and was overwhelmed, so he began to write about this hypocrisy of social values that he felt was being carefully hidden from the mainstream. While most considered this unavoidable, child labor was a topic that they did not discuss openly in social groups. Blake wanted to change all of that. As a social critic, he wrote many poems condemning the hypocrisy between these two worlds, forRead MoreWilliam Blake Had A Strict Standard On How His Poems Should1431 Words   |  6 Pages William Blake had a strict standard on how his poems should appear. In his poems, he was not very concerned with grammar or spelling, even though he was writing in a time much after the official English language had been created. Much of his spellings are very old-fashioned to us and at times can sound very awkward. Even his readers in his time found that the wording and spelling of phrases and words was quaint. William Blake also used forms of punctuation that were not considered to be standardRead MoreAN ANALYSIS OF WILLIAM BLAKES SONGS2960 Words   |  12 PagesAN ANALYSIS OF WILLIAM BLAKE’S SONGS OF INNOCENCE AND OF EXPERIENCE AS A RESPONSE TO THE COLLAPSE OF VALUES TIMOTHY VINESâˆâ€" Blake’s Songs of Innocence and of Experience are a much studied part of the English canon, and for good reason. Blake’s work depicts a quandary that continues to haunt humanity today: the struggle of high-order humanity against the ‘real’ rationality and morals of institutionalised society. This essay seeks to explore both Blake’s literary reaction to the Enlightenment and theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Songs Of Innocence By William Blake1787 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Blake, an unconventional writer and artist in Romantic England, was known best for his unique printing method and claim to supernatural visions. In 1789, Blake published the â€Å"Songs of Innocence,† a collection of poems attributed with an innocent, romantic viewpoint, as the title indicates. One of the poems, â€Å"The Divine Image,† was used to identify the nature of God in man. â€Å"The Divine Image† speaker identifies the Mercy, Love, Peace, and Pity found in humans to be truly divine and of GodRead MoreMilton: The Achievement Of Humans938 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Milton’s Paradise Lost, a 17th century poem encompassing marriage and idolatry brings about the theme of death to human beings for the first time as well as the loss of their place in paradise. However, one is not to blame for the fall of man. Lucifer tempted Adam an d Eve to eat the Forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, instigating sin. According to Milton, this is â€Å"humankind’s first act of disobedience towards God† (SN Editors). â€Å"[For humans] an idea is like a virus, resilient, highlyRead MoreEssay about The Representation of the Female in William Blake1921 Words   |  8 PagesRepresentation of the Female in William Blake If William Blake was, as Northrop Frye described him in his prominent book Fearful Symmetry, a mystic enraptured with incommunicable visions, standing apart, a lonely and isolated figure, out of touch with his own age and without influence on the following one (3), time has proved to be the visionarys most celebrated ally, making him one of the most frequently written about poets of the English language. William Blake has become, in a sense,Read MoreWilliam Wordsworth And The Industrial Revolution1926 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Wordsworth and the Industrial Revolution During the Industrial Revolution there was a dramatic change in Britain, which instigated social and economic problems Throughout Britain. During the Industrial Revolution, romantic poets such as William Wordsworth, along with other romantic artists, inflicted a positive aspect on the Industrial Revolution due to creating images that revealed everything as being beautiful and expressed the simple life. William Wordsworth illustrates an abundance ofRead MoreResearch Paper: Paradise Lost1888 Words   |  8 PagesDecember 1608  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 8 November 1674) was an English poet,  polemicist,  man of letters, and a civil servant for the Commonwealth of England  under  Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his  epic poem  Paradise Lost  (1667), written in  blank verse. Miltons poetry and prose reflect deep personal convictions, a passion for freedom and self-determination, and the urgent issues and political turbulence of his day. Writing in English, Latin, GreekRead MoreAnalysis Of The Adventures Of Pinocchio By Carlo Collodi1537 Words   |  7 Pagesor clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row.† â€Å"https://quizlet.com/302172/rhetorical-terms-flash-cards/† â€Å"Five years have passed; Five summers, with the length of Five long winters! and again I hear these waters†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Tintern Abbey by William Wordsworth 5 antithesis â€Å"The presentation of two contrasting images. The ideas are balanced by word, phrase, clause, or paragraphs.† â€Å"https://quizlet.com/302172/rhetorical-terms-flash-cards/† â€Å"To err is human; to forgive divine.† An Essay on Criticism

Health and Sociopolitical Issues in Healthcare †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Health and Sociopolitical Issues in Healthcare. Answer: Introduction The aged people are part of society, and most countries or organizations have put measures, or still, there are measures that one can formulate to help the aged people. However, palliative care and end life care is one of those that seek to help the aged during the arguably most difficult time of their lives. In this regards, there exist residential aged care whose purpose is to provide the care and the approaches to aged people. It one of the things that draw one to start thinking of various approaches to palliative care that exists and the systems put in place to promote the same. In addition to that, the approaches can be of a national or international level (World Health Organization, 2011). On the other hand, there are issues which arise from the provision of palliative and end care life at the residential aged care. Thus, this essay seeks to not only highlight, but also discuss the palliative approach and part of the structures that are in place to promote the practice of palli ative care (van der Steen et al., 2014). Also, the task gives a definition of two terms that are consistent in the essay. I therefore intend to incorporate a discussion of the measures put in place, from an ethical point of view, in regards to approaches and care influenced by the funding that meant for aged services (Finn et al., 2006) . Lastly, the essay will elaborate on the manner in which a palliative care approaches have the potential to affect residential care facilities as far as funding the facility is concerned. Palliative Approach and End of Life Care Palliative approach refers to a method that aims at providing comfort at the time a person is about to die diseases. Also, including their relatives, especially by lowering the agony using early determination, analysis and treatment of pain (Heyland et al.,2006) . Moreover, assessment takes into considerations cultural, psychological spiritual and social needs. In regards to life-limiting illness, it is one that is highly likely to cause death to a patient in a certain period that is foreseeable. There is need for a palliative care for the aged people because of various reasons; to start with, the aged people tend to have several clinical diagnoses which require a variety of treatments. Additionally, the aged people are commonly known for their confusion and have difficulties in communication. Also, there are those that lack family support, therefore, palliative care approach become necessary to them. Therefore, palliative care approach is termed as effective if it achieves certain standards. To start with, the approach must offer the aged with autonomy and comfort or respect (Heyland et al.,2006). In addition to that, the approach must base a platform of honesty and one that encourage open dialogue in regards to conditions and treatment options. On the other hand, the approach ought to have had a choice that is evidence- based treatment options. Most palliative approaches are effective in managing pain and other symptoms that cause distress to the aged and their relative ali ke (Truog, 2008). Another aspect that is essential in palliative approaches is a method that provides quality of life as to the aged. Also, the approach has to embrace the cultural and spiritual will of the aged in a manner that honors whatever they wish. Lastly, the palliative approach must or commonly offer people an opportunity to interact. On the other hand, the care seeks a way of health and community services which do an essential part to provide the services to people at the near end of their lives. The best care can only be achieved in the event that there is an elaborate system that connects those that provide palliative care, primary care, primary specialists and support care providers. End of life, in this case, denotes the stage in life where a person is impaired by, an event that is largely fatal, regardless of whether prognosis is not known (Detering, Hancock, Reade, Silvester, 2010). Also, it can denote use medications to patients that are about to pass on (Phillips, Davidson, Jackson, Kristjanson, Daly, Curran, 2006). Various medications are used for such purposes, these include but are not limited to antipsychotic medication that can be used to treat nausea. Also, anticonvulsants can be used to treat pain and dyspnea. In administering the drugs, there are various ways to do that, and these include sublin gual, transdermal and intramuscular. End of life care follows certain principles or an objective that drives its policy. These are, putting an emphasis on not only quality of life, but also, having a quality of death (Lorenz et al., 2008). Additionally, the method acknowledges that the method is a human right. Lastly, the care ensures that a person has a good death irrespective of the duration, type or place of death. Legal pitfalls in provision of End Life Care In as much as there are various reasons why a person must go through the approach or care, and there exist legal systems put in place to guide those providing the services or advocate for a dignified death. The only consideration that it takes is respecting what the person under the care chooses, also, considering the futility and the way to have a consensus, which is intentional especially in decision making (Brown, Grbich, Maddocks, Parker, Willis, 2005). Lastly is having a humane touch. Therefore, still, there are no strong legal provisions that are in place, not only in Australia but also in most countries that guide the practices of end life care. Ethics involved in the care and the approaches Firstly, personnel that work in residential aged care must embrace patient autonomy. In that, the personnel ought to respect what the patient decides or his or her choices. In this regards, the patient is entitled to either agree or refuse (Chochinov, Hack, Hassard, Kristjanson, McClement, Harlos, 2005). However, in the scenario where the patient is not in a position to make a decision because of the illness state that accompanies him or her, surrogates can offer their opinion regarding what he or she had previously communicated concerning his or her wishes. Secondly, residential aged care and personnel need to uphold beneficence in caring for the aged in applying the two care and approaches discussed so far. Beneficence denotes what is in the best interest of whoever is being administered, and for this particular case, the aged (Chou, Boldy, Lee, 2001). In the case where aged people in the residential aged care is concerned, advanced stage of illness can cause untold suffering that is potent to cause suffering not only to the patient but also to the relatives of the aged (Hogan, 2004). Thus, in palliative approaches and the care, and end of life care, it is in the best interest for the patient or the aged to be given a care that controls the patients symptoms and pain and also reducing if possible the suffering that may be present to the patient and his or her relatives. Also that, residential aged care services ought to promote emotional support and which includes protecting the family involved from any ruin, especially, the financial one. Thus, in this context, an act that can cause death as long as it conforms to the underlying principles of the care and approaches that is humane. In that one allows a person to die of natural death (Crotty, Halbert, Rowett, Gile, Birks, Williams, Whitehead, 2004). That is, the person is allowed to die in a dignified manner, with the illness well controlled, and the person is in the presence of his or her relatives to offer him, or her comfort without this promotes or rather does not in any way results to euthanasia. Therefore, the ethical bases of palliative care approaches that are common are based on four main principles which may be elaborated as; The practice itself ought to be morally acceptable. For the approach and care to be good, it has to be one that is most appropriate and considered to be humane at the last phase of the aged (Wilson et al., 2011). Additionally, the residential aged care is effective and must be adopted if it cares for a patient with advanced and terminal illness especially where it has already disrupted or can take care of their physical, psychological and emotional issues. Thus, the practice appears to be promoting the highest degree of care which is morally and appears to be permissible ethically. Also, the ill effects, although they are foreseen, ought to be unintended. In the sense that, the practice, that is, the care and approach is one that affirms the need for life and does not encourage or facilitate the dying process. Chou, Boldy, Lee (2003) suggest that all the intervention that the residential aged care providers are meant to relieve symptoms, sufferings or rather maximize comfort. Therefore, if there happens to be a case where shortening of life is inevitable, it has to be for the best interest of the aged or rather is unintentional. In addition to that, the residential aged care must not provide services that contain ill impacts that are inappropriate to the benefits that come with the services to the patient. During the provision of services, and in particular symptom management, the all the drugs used as medicines for the care and approaches must appropriately be titrated before use (Boyd, 2011). In particular, palliative care ought to use sedatives are titrated in a way that there is the least possible dose that alleviates the negative effect that causes distress. Palliative at national and international level At the national level, there are systems put in place in an attempt to promote palliate care; these are health promotion that is geared toward the promotion of not only health but also palliative care. In addition to that, countries have adopted a way to inform people of the need to educate the public on palliative care that they ought to offer to the aged. Additionally, countries have set aside funds to help the aged, not only for maintenance purposes but palliative acre as well (Hawk, Long, Boulanger, Morschhauser, Fuhr, 2000). These health promotions are effective in the promotion can be useful in creating public policies which have the potential to sustain health, in addition to creating a conducive environment especially for the aged in the form of palliative care. Moreover, the method makes it possible for collaboration which in effect encourages activeness towards the aged. The policy ensures that the acts of the health care promotion are an activity that each person gets inv olved in and that the health is everyones responsibility (Broad et al., 2011). The policies are in line with those of WHO which in turn embrace the idea that palliative care must or rather ought to be integrated into society and especially in health care systems and at all level in all forms of the society. In addition to that, countries adopt a form of health care promotion that incorporates education programs in collaboration with communities to ensure that they understand the need for palliative care for aged people, the acceptance and of the loss and dying. Additionally, the system incorporates encouragement of personal and even social support in the event of death. Moreover, the education programs aimed at teaching people in identifying the social character that is essential at the core of care and loss (Detering, Hancock, Reade, Silvester, 2010). Therefore, residential aged group communities have a thing to learn in regards to improving the services that they offer to age groups in the form of the care and approaches used. In England for instance, their strategy as far as the care is concerned involves raising public awareness as a form of her whole-system approach. There is a trend that countries are developing policies aimed at supporting the aged at the residential aged care and family caregiving. To start with, there is financial help in the form of paid compassionate leave from work which has been introduced in Canada. In this form, the country offers an estimated increase of fifty-six percent in their earnings, also, to leave from work to enable them to care for family members (Chou, Boldy, Lee, 2003). Taking Australia as an example, there are national programs of financial compensation which aims at funding all that provide the care and approaches in residential areas (Chou, Boldy, Lee, 2003). The program entails; direct funding in the form of salary, vouchers, wages and allowances. Moreover, there is indirect compensation which is in the form of third-party payment of pension credits; it can also involve insurance premiums and relief of tax. Lastly, the persons involved in palliative care services can have labor policy that is geared t owards Residential aged care services, approaches, and Funding At the point when individuals are no longer ready to live freely inside the group because of health and social reasons, it is basic that they can get to moderate and adequately resourced residential health care administrations. The reason for giving residential medical offices is to give convenience and care that cannot be given in the common group setting. There ought to be a fitting level of convenience, staffing, and individual and medicinal services administrations for the individuals who need to move into residential aged care for their physical, useful and psychosocial needs (Chou, Boldy, Lee, 2003). The range and nature of residential aged care administrations ought to be set by an autonomous benchmarks setting body. More seasoned individuals ought to have the capacity to pick extra administrations as per individual inclinations and ability to pay. The AMA recognizes that all-inclusive access to quality residential aged care is probably not going to be accomplished without some money related exchange from the more youthful to the more established era or utilization of individual assets (Wanless, Forder, Fernndez, Poole, Beesley, Henwood, Moscone, 2006). These intergenerational exchanges will turn into an expanding challenge as the matured populace develops as an extent of the aggregate populace and in the meantime the development in workforce moderates. It appears to be progressively likely that subsidizing of residential aged care construct just on intergenerational exchanges will be unsustainable (Hilmer et al., 2012). There should be approaches that support and urge consequent eras to create flexible financing models for their matured care. Proof is developing that the current private residential aged care division is not an appealing business sector for financial specialists and is not all around set to manage the expanded interest for its administrations. A current practicality ponders by Deloitte Access Economics additionally computed that interest in high care spots is not feasible under current approach settings (Caplan, Meller, Squires, Chan, Willett, 2006). The standards supporting another model are that it: Gives general access to each Australian to the fundamental standard of private matured care administrations as per their needs and paying little heed to their capacity to pay. Additionally, spreads the expenses for the individuals who require longer than normal private matured care and licenses people to pick their supplier and to pay for extra or higher quality administrations on the off chance that they pick. Also, it gives conviction to private matured care suppliers and is practical for who and what is t o come. Pressing arrangement advancement and arranging is required now because there should be a noteworthy transitioning period to actualize any new financing model. Amid this period, game plans should be set up for individuals who have a prompt requirement for private matured care, perhaps including wellbeing net for the individuals who cannot meet extra expenses. Conclusion Palliative approaches and end life care in residential aged care is common in most countries as a form of helping patients and especially for the aged people. The two acts entail a process that a person it taking cares of during the period that he or she is about to die to enable him or her die in dignity. Therefore, there is the need for the best approaches to be put in place, locally, or internationally, to ensure that the two processes not only helps those that about die within a specified duration of time but also give guidelines for residential aged care. In addition to that, systems are put in places, such as educating the public on the need to encourage people to contribute to offering the services to the aged. On the other hand, there are principles that the approach and care must conform to for it to be considered safe and that which is appealing to the aged in places where they receive those services. Therefore, the method ought to be that is in practice in those areas. Thus, the method ought to be one that embraces beneficence. In addition to that, the method must be one that put the best interest of the person under care. Also, residential aged care services achieve ethical conduct by embracing respect to the wishes of the person under care, in that, they do as the person wishes in regards to his or her final will. Lastly, the primary function of residential aged care is to ensure that the person who is about to die receives a dignified treatment to face death. The benefits include less agony, suffering, and pain, in effect, it is ethical that the relatives of the aged or those under palliative care ought to be treated well in a way that the suffering or impending death of those that a re under treatment do not cause agony to the family. Therefore, the government of Australia, together with other countries has developed policies about palliative care and end-of-life , and this has an influence on the manner in which the governments do the funding of those residential aged care. References Boyd, M., Broad, J. B., Kerse, N., Foster, S., Von Randow, M., Lay-Yee, R., ... Connolly, M. J. (2011). Twenty-year trends in dependency in residential aged care in Auckland, New Zealand: a descriptive study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 12(7), 535-540. Broad, J. B., Boyd, M., Kerse, N., Whitehead, N., Chelimo, C., Lay-Yee, R., ... Connolly, M. J. (2011). Residential aged care in Auckland, New Zealand 19882008: do real trends over time match predictions?. Age and ageing, 40(4), 487-494. Brown, M., Grbich, C., Maddocks, I., Parker, D., Willis, E. (2005). Documenting end of life decisions in residential aged care facilities in South Australia. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 29(1), 85-90. Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T., Hassard, T., Kristjanson, L. J., McClement, S., Harlos, M. (2005). Dignity therapy: a novel psychotherapeutic intervention for patients near the end of life. Journal of clinical oncology, 23(24), 5520-5525. Chou, S. C., Boldy, D. P., Lee, A. H. (2003). Factors influencing residents' satisfaction in residential aged care. The gerontologist, 43(4), 459-472. Crotty, M., Halbert, J., Rowett, D., Giles, L., Birks, R., Williams, H., Whitehead, C. (2004). An outreach geriatric medication advisory service in residential aged care: a randomised controlled trial of case conferencing. Age and Ageing, 33(6), 612-617. Wanless, D., Forder, J., Fernndez, J. L., Poole, T., Beesley, L., Henwood, M., Moscone, F. (2006).Wanless social care review: securing good care for older people, taking a long-term view. King's Fund. Hawk, C., Long, C. R., Boulanger, K. T., Morschhauser, E., Fuhr, A. W. (2000). Chiropractic Care for Patients Aged 55 Years and Older: Report from a Practice?Based Research Program.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,48(5), 534-545. Hilmer, S. N., March, L. M., Chen, J. S., Gnjidic, D., Mason, R. S., ... Sambrook, P. N. (2012). Associations between drug burden index and mortality in older people in residential aged care facilities.Drugs aging,29(2), 157-165. Caplan, G. A., Meller, A., Squires, B., Chan, S., Willett, W. (2006). Advance care planning and hospital in the nursing home.Age and ageing,35(6), 581-585. Somers, M., Rose, E., Simmonds, D., Whitelaw, C., Calver, J., Beer, C. (2010). Quality use of medicines in residential aged care.Australian family physician,39(6), 413. Phillips, J., Davidson, P. M., Jackson, D., Kristjanson, L., Daly, J., Curran, J. (2006). Residential aged care: the last frontier for palliative care.Journal of Advanced Nursing,55(4), 416-424. Finn, J. C., Flicker, L., Mackenzie, E., Jacobs, I. G., Fatovich, D. M., Drummond, S., ... Sprivulis, P. (2006). Interface between residential aged care facilities and a teaching hospital emergency department in Western Australia.Medical Journal of Australia,184(9), 432. Chou, S. C., Boldy, D. P., Lee, A. H. (2001). Measuring resident satisfaction in residential aged care.The Gerontologist,41(5), 623-631. Chou, S. C., Boldy, D. P., Lee, A. H. (2003). Factors influencing residents' satisfaction in residential aged care.The gerontologist,43(4), 459-472. Cameron, I. D., Murray, G. R., Gillespie, L. D., Cumming, R. G., Robertson, M. C., Hill, K. D., Kerse, N. (2005). Interventions for preventing falls in older people in residential care facilities and hospitals.The Cochrane Library. Detering, K. M., Hancock, A. D., Reade, M. C., Silvester, W. (2010). The impact of advance care planning on end of life care in elderly patients: randomised controlled trial. Bmj, 340, c1345. Detering, K. M., Hancock, A. D., Reade, M. C., Silvester, W. (2010). The impact of advance care planning on end of life care in elderly patients: randomised controlled trial. Bmj, 340, c1345. Heyland, D. K., Dodek, P., Rocker, G., Groll, D., Gafni, A., Pichora, D., ... Lam, M. (2006).What matters most in end-of-life care: perceptions of seriously ill patients and their family members. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174(5), 627-633. Hogan, W. (2004). Review of pricing arrangements in residential aged care. Commonwealth of Australia. Lorenz, K. A., Lynn, J., Dy, S. M., Shugarman, L. R., Wilkinson, A., Mularski, R. A., ... Rhodes, S. L. (2008). Evidence for improving palliative care at the end of life: a review. Annals of internal medicine, 148(2), 147-159. Teno, J. M., Clarridge, B. R., Casey, V., Welch, L. C., Wetle, T., Shield, R., Mor, V. (2004). Family perspectives on end-of-life care at the last place of care. Jama, 291(1), 88-93. Truog, R. D., Campbell, M. L., Curtis, J. R., Haas, C. E., Luce, J. M., Rubenfeld, G. D., ... Kaufman, D. C. (2008). Recommendations for end-of-life care in the intensive care unit: a consensus statement by the American College of Critical Care Medicine. Critical care medicine, 36(3), 953-963. van der Steen, J. T., Radbruch, L., Hertogh, C. M., de Boer, M. E., Hughes, J. C., Larkin, P., ... Koopmans, R. T. (2014). White paper defining optimal palliative care in older people with dementia: a Delphi study and recommendations from the European Association forPalliative Care. Palliative medicine, 28(3), 197-209. Wilson, N. M., Hilmer, S. N., March, L. M., Cameron, I. D., Lord, S. R., Seibel, M. J., ... Sambrook, P. N. (2011). Associations between drug burden index and falls in older people in residential aged care. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(5), 875- 880. World Health Organization. (2011). Palliative care for older people: better practices.

Ulysses S. Grant Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Ulysses S. Grant Persuasive Essay Ulysses S. GrantOn April 27, 1822 a boy was born to Jesse Root Grant and HannahSimpson Grant in the small town of Point Pleasant, Ohio. They named theirson Hiram Ulysses Grant. In 1823 the family moved to a town nearby calledGeorgetown, Ohio, where Ulysses father owned a tannery and somefarmland. Grant had two brothers and three sisters born in Georgetown. Ulysses attended school in Georgetown until he was 14. He then spentone year at the academy in Maysville, Kentucky, and in 1838, he entered anacademy in nearby Ripely, Ohio. Early in 1839, his father learned that aneighbors son had been dismissed from the U.S. Military Academy. Jesseasked his congressman to appoint Ulysses as a replacement. Thecongressman made a mistake in Grants name. He thought that Ulysses washis first name and his middle name that of his mothers maiden name. ButUlysses never corrected the mistake. We will write a custom essay on Ulysses S. Grant Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Grant was an average student at West Point. He spent most of his freetime reading novels and little time studying. He ranked high in math and wasvery good at horsemanship. Ulysses did not like the military life and had nointention of making it his career. Instead he considered teaching mathematicsin a college. Grant graduated from West Point in 1843 and was commissioned asecond lieutenant. He was assigned to the 4th Infantry Regiment stationednear St. Louis. It was there that he met Julia Dent. They fell in love and soonbecame engages. The threat of war with Mexico delayed their weddingplans. In 1847, Grant took part in the capture of Mexico City and won apromotion for his skill and bravery. He reached the rank of 1st Lieutenant bythe end of the war. Grant returned to St. Louis as soon as he could and onAug. 22, 1848, he was married to Julia Dent. During their marriage, theGrants had four children: Frederick, Ulysses S. Jr., Ellen, and Jesse Root Jr. Civil War EraGrant was almost 39 years old when the Civil War began in 1861. Hehad freed his only slave in 1859 and strongly opposed secession. AfterPresident Abraham Lincoln called for Army volunteers, Grant helped drill acompany that was formed in Galena. Then he went to Springfield, the statecapital, and worked for the Illinois assistant general. Grant asked the federalgovernment for a commission as colonel, but his request was ignored. Twomonths later, Governor Richard Yates appointed him colonel of a regimentthat became the 21st Illinois Volunteers. Grant led these troops on acampaign against Confederates in Missouri. During two months ofcampaigning, Grant refreshed his memory about handling troops andsupplies. Upon the recommendation of Elihu B. Washburne, an Illinoiscongressman, President Lincoln appointed Grant a brigadier general inAugust 1861. Grant established his headquarters at Cairo, Illinois, in September1861. He soon learned that Confederate forces planned to seize Pa ducah,Kentucky. Grant ruined this plan by occupying the city. On Nov. 7, 1861,his troops drove the Confederates from Belmont, Missouri, but the enemyrallied and retook the position. In January 1862, Grant persuaded hiscommanding officer, General Henry W. Halleck, to allow him to attack FortHenry, on the Tennessee River. As Grants army approached Fort Henry,most of the Confederates withdrew. A Union gunboat fleet, sent ahead to aidGrant, captured the fort easily. On his own initiative, Grant then lay siege tonearby Fort Donelson. When the fort commander asked for terms ofsurrender, Grant replied: No terms except an unconditional and immediatesurrender can be accepted. The Confederate commander realized he had nochoice but to accept what he called Grants ungenerous and unchivalrousdemand. Northerners joyfully declared that Grants initials, U. S., stood forUnconditional Surrender. Grant was promoted to major general. On April6, 1862, the Confederates opened the Battle of Shiloh by laun ching a surpriseattack on Grants forces at Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. The Union troops barelyheld off the enemy until reinforcements arrived. Persistence brought Grant agreat victory at Vicksburg, Miss. All through the winter of 1862-1863, histroops advanced against this Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River. .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea , .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .postImageUrl , .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea , .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea:hover , .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea:visited , .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea:active { border:0!important; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea:active , .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9677230f3527baab88b614cb7e8a32ea:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The need for an agreed international conceptual framework EssayIn May 1863, Grant defeated a Confederate army and then besiegedVicksburg. On July 4, 1863, the Confederates surrendered. Grant succeeded consistently in the West while Union generals in theEast were failing. Early in 1864, Lincoln promoted Grant to lieutenant generaland put him in command of all Union armies. Grant went to Virginia andbegan a campaign against the forces

Pocahontas and the powhattan dilemma free essay sample

It is said that there are many different versions to a story. There is one persons story, then there is an other person’s story, and then, there is the truth. â€Å"Our memories change each time they are recalled. What we recall is only a facsimile of things gone by.† Dobrin, Arthur. Your Memory Isnt What You Think It Is. (online magazine). Psychology Today. July 16, 2013. http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/am-i-right/201307/your-memory-isnt-what-you-think-it-is. Every time a story is told, it changes. From Disney movies to books, to what we tell our friends and colleagues. Sometimes the different sides to the story challenge the way we think about ourselves and other people. The Pocahontas story is no different, from the productions of the Disney movie Pocahontas, to the writing of the book Pocahontas, and the writing of Powhatan Dilemma by Camila Townsend. Each individual person has an opinion. What they choose to believe in all depends on what they want themselves to think. We will write a custom essay sample on Pocahontas and the powhattan dilemma or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We can all pretend we live in a nice happy place where there are no problems, such as to believe that the English settlers came in strictly for peace and strictly for that one reason alone, but life isn’t always how they portray it to be. Where are these happy endings where everyone is nice and if they were not, they were later regretful of their malicious actions. People are ruthless; instead of peaceful settlers setting out to explore a new world and try to learn about it’s mysterious ways with the help of natives, Pocahontas was in all reality captured by the English settlers and was forced to abide not only by their customs, but by their religious thoughts, and indigenous ways. After her unwanted adventure, she was â€Å"let† by the English settlers to have a second â€Å"opportunity† to go over to Europe, and explore a new world for her people and learn about the â€Å"right† ways to live life. She was a brave woman who faced a horrific adventure with unknown people for the good of hers. Contrary to the Disney movie, Pocahontas meets John Smith by a waterfall and  quickly gasped by love meant to be by the shaking of their hands. Townsend examines the following months on the settling of the English, as well as Pocahontas’s kidnapping, to her imprisonment, down to her marriage to John Rolfe, her conversion to Christianity, and finally her death. A major contrast between the Disney Stories and movie of Pocahontus, was that they had failed to mention her kidnapping. Pocahontas’ kidnapping was unjust and surprising as it was by the community of the man who would be her husband and later the father to her child, although Pocahontas had already been married since the age of twelve or thirteen to a man named Kocoom. Pocahontas’ early marriage was then ended when her warrior Kocoom had then disappeared, for reasons unknown. After this disappearance, Pocahontas later then married to John Rolfe as she had the choice to choose any man she wanted without the fear of being judged and called cold for her remarriage. Another major difference between Disneys portrayal of Pocahontas and Townsend’s portrayal of Pocahontas is her decision to be baptized. Although it would have been seen as a betrayal to her tribe, Pocahontas chose to be baptized, with the consent of her father. Even though it was well known to Powhatan (Pocahontas’ father), that with his consent of Pocahontas’ baptism (now Rebecca), he would lose not his people’s respect, but as well as their trust, he allowed the people pursuing â€Å"God’s Will† in converting the â€Å"uneducated† into his faith because of his knowledge and understanding that it was better to view the English as friends or alliances so he can later use their friendship for knowledge, and not have them as enemies. Pocahontas’ eventual disease caused death was never portrayed in the Disney movies of Pocahontas which is something that should have been evident. The way you perceive Pocahontas, and the way I perceive Pocahontas, and the way Uncle Billy Bob perceives Pocahontas, all depends on how and who the story was told by. If Uncle Billy Bob had only read Disney’s book of Pocahontas and you had only watched the movie, and I had only read Townsend’s Pocahontas and the Powhatan dilemma, we would have a completely different theory on the events and would all tell a different story when trying to explain it to any one person.

History of the First Clocks

History of the First Clocks It wasn’t until somewhat recently- at least in terms of human history- that people felt the need to know the time of day. Great civilizations in the Middle East and North Africa first initiated clock making some 5,000 to 6,000 years ago.  With their attendant bureaucracies and formal religions, these cultures found a need to organize their time more efficiently. The Elements of a Clock   All clocks must have two basic components:  They must have a regular, constant or repetitive process or action by which  to mark off equal increments of time. Early examples of such processes include the movement of the sun across the sky, candles marked in increments, oil lamps with marked reservoirs, sandglasses or hourglasses,† and, in the Orient, small stone or metal mazes filled with incense that would burn at a certain pace. Clocks must also have a means of keeping track of the increments of time and be able to  display the result. The history of timekeeping is the story of the search for ever more consistent actions or processes to regulate the rate of a clock. Obelisks   The  Egyptians were among the first  to formally divide their days into parts resembling hours. Obelisks- slender, tapering, four-sided monuments- were built as early as 3500 BCE. Their moving shadows formed a kind of sundial, enabling citizens to partition the day into two parts by indicating noon. They also showed the years longest and shortest days when the shadow at noon was the shortest or longest of the year. Later, markers were added around the base of the monument to indicate further time subdivisions. Other Sun Clocks   Another Egyptian shadow clock or sundial came into use around 1500 BCE to measure the passage of hours. This device divided a sunlit day into 10 parts, plus two twilight hours in the morning and evening. When the long stem with five variably spaced marks was oriented east and west in the morning, an elevated crossbar on the east end cast a moving shadow over the marks. At noon, the device was turned in the opposite direction to measure the afternoon hours. The merkhet, the oldest known astronomical tool, was an Egyptian development around 600 BCE. Two merkhets were used to establish a north-south line by lining them up with the Pole Star. They could then be used to mark off nighttime hours by determining when certain other stars crossed the meridian. In the quest for more year-round accuracy, sundials evolved from flat horizontal or vertical plates to forms that were more elaborate. One version was the hemispherical dial, a bowl-shaped depression cut into a block of stone that  carried a central vertical gnomon or pointer and was scribed with sets of hour lines. The hemicycle, said to have been invented around 300 BCE, removed the useless half of the hemisphere to give an appearance of a half-bowl cut into the edge of a square block. By 30 BCE, Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius could describe 13 different sundial styles in use in Greece, Asia Minor, and Italy. Water Clocks   Water clocks were among the earliest timekeepers that did not depend on the observation of celestial bodies. One of the oldest was found in the tomb of Amenhotep I who was buried around 1500 BCE. Later named clepsydras or water thieves† by the Greeks who began using them around 325 BCE, these were stone vessels with sloping sides that allowed water to drip at a nearly constant rate from a small hole near the bottom.   Other clepsydras were cylindrical or bowl-shaped containers designed to slowly fill with water coming in at a constant rate. Markings on the inside surfaces measured the passage of hours as the water level reached them. These clocks were used to determine hours at night, but they may have been used in daylight as well. Another version consisted of a metal bowl with a hole in the bottom. The bowl would fill and sink in a certain time when placed in a container of water. These are still in use in North Africa in the 21st century.   More elaborate and impressive mechanized water clocks were developed between 100 BCE and 500 CE by Greek and Roman horologists and astronomers. The added complexity was aimed at making the flow more constant by regulating the pressure of the water and at providing fancier displays of the passage of time. Some water clocks rang bells and gongs. Others opened doors and windows to show little figures of people or moved pointers, dials, and astrological models of the universe. The rate of flow of water is very difficult to control accurately, so a clock based on that flow could never achieve excellent accuracy. People were naturally led to other approaches. Mechanized Clocks   A Greek astronomer, Andronikos, supervised the construction of the Tower of the Winds in Athens in the first century BCE. This octagonal structure showed both sundials and mechanical hour indicators. It featured a 24-hour mechanized clepsydra and indicators for the eight winds from which the tower got its name. It displayed the seasons of the year and astrological dates and periods. The Romans also developed mechanized clepsydras, but their complexity accomplished little improvement over simpler methods for determining the passage of time. In the Far East, mechanized astronomical/astrological clock making developed from 200 to 1300 CE. Third-century Chinese clepsydras drove various mechanisms that illustrated astronomical phenomena. One of the most elaborate clock towers was built by Su Sung and his associates in 1088 CE. Su Sungs mechanism incorporated a water-driven escapement invented around 725 CE. The Su Sung clock tower, over 30 feet tall, possessed a bronze power-driven armillary sphere  for observations, an automatically rotating celestial globe, and five front panels with doors that permitted the viewing of changing manikins which rang bells or gongs. It held tablets indicating the hour or other special times of the day.

Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Final Exam - Essay Example Peoplehood is the consciousness of the fundamental unity that makes a person a part of a society. Peoplehood matrix constitutes four basic principles, a consecrated history, a well-defined terrain, and the environment, a distinct language and a characteristic ceremonial cycle. This paper will look into these principles. Peoplehood features were attributed to socio-cultural, political, economic, and environmental behaviours of Cherokee inhabitants. They included the Cherokee Indians, Delaware, Natchez people and the Shawnee. Membership of Cherokee community entailed certain obligations that had to be met for one to participate in the continuation of a good life in Cherokee nation. For example, young men and women graduated to the elderly and diplomatic stature only after serving as warriors (Mooney 56). Cherokee nation had ceremonies that honoured and cared for the sacred fire analogous to the sun and a symbol of purity. Annually Cherokee people gathered to dance in a bright flame and dark shadows of everlasting fire and ask for help of the fire and the spirits. They believed that as long as the fire burned, Cherokee people were destined to survive (Mails 23). Several Cherokee ceremonies were performed, ceremonial lighting of sacred fire, sacrifice of tobacco or meat, purification of individuals ceremony, all night dances. Concisely, all the ceremonies were linked to the fire. There was danger of neglecting the ceremonies; they believed the spirit could affect the health and well-being of the individual who disobeyed the ceremonies (Kelley 23). Cherokee nation had towns each under the headship of chiefs and war leaders. There were two kinds of chiefs; white chiefs and war chiefs. The white chiefs were elderly and had a mandate to preserve peace. They were resourceful, experienced, and respected people. They also conducted the spiritual ceremonies and helped in conflict resolution (Wilkins 34). The war chiefs or group of warriors had specialized

Political and Social Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Political and Social Theory - Essay Example As the paper outlines, team cohesion refers to the ability of employees and the management to work together towards attaining the same goal. Through the role theory, both parties know what duties they ought to perform. The role theory defines the expectations of the employee; therefore staff members perform their roles bearing in mind that they are individual members of a team aiming at eventually achieving the same goal (Harnisch, 2011). On the other hand, functionalism shows the employees that each department in an organization forms a synchronized system which ought to function in unison so as to obtain the key target (Kendall, 2007). Therefore, these two theories help in displaying the reason both the employees and management, who have different functions, should work synchronously to achieve the main interest.  Conflict resolution in institutions refers to the ability of affiliates to provide solutions that resolve group differences. In any group, lack of knowledge about oneâ €™s role and position often leads to conflict. Therefore, in order to avoid or resolve the differences that may develop, the management should apply concepts found in both the role theory and functionalism. Concepts of the role theory such as expectations and resources stipulate some of the duties an employee has to perform and the supplies provided (Harnisch, 2011). Similarly, the functionalism perspective describes some of the activities particular members of the organization need to accomplish in order to assist in the overall production of the whole corporation (Quah, 1990). Both theories are beneficial in preventing and resolving conflict since they help the management and employees to understand their individual roles.

The power of language Essay Example for Free

The power of language Essay Although Susanne Langer did a study on humans and animals to show signs vs. symbols in understanding language, Helen Keller and Malcolm X took different paths on discovering the power of language. Langer brings up how there is a difference between symbols and signs, which most people consider them one in the same. For Keller she was deaf and blind from the age of 19 months, where she had difficulty learning how to communicate and understand language. In Malcolm X’s case, he was a street hustler who didn’t get proper education and was frustrated when he couldn’t get his point across through his letters he wrote. In â€Å"Language and thought† it was said, â€Å"A sign is anything that announces the existence or the imminence of some event, the presence of a thing or a person, or a change in the state of affairs† (Langer, Pg. 28). Where both humans and animals use signs all the time. For both of us sounds, smells, and motions could be signs of food, danger, the presence of others around us, or of a storm approaching. For animals they use signs for defense, to call out for others, signs of feelings or intentions to be reckoned with or just to let them in. Humans use signs way more than animals in their everyday life. We answer calls, read other peoples expressions, watch the sky or animals for coming storms, cross streets when there’s a walk man, or wait when it says, stop at red lights and go at green. â€Å"In every case a sign is closely bound up with something to be noted or expected in experience† (Langer, Pg. 28). â€Å"A symbol differs from a sign in that it does not announce the presence of the object, the being, condition, or whatnot, which is its meaning, but merely brings this thing to mind. † (Langer, Pg. 28). The difference between sign and symbol is that a sign generates us â€Å"to think or act in the face of the thing signified†, and a symbol is people’s concept of the thing symbolized. There are many things that are considered symbols, including words, pictures and memories. For example a heart is a symbol of love and a picture of a smiley face is a symbol of happiness. There are symbols everywhere with great significance or little value. But, according to Langer â€Å"The essence of language is symbolic, not signific. † (Langer, Pg. 31) Since Helen Keller was deaf and blind from a very young age, she didn’t know how to communicate her wants, needs and connect with the people around her. So finally at the age of seven her parents reached out to a teacher familiar with teaching the blind and deaf. Her teachers name was Miss Sullivan who taught her how to communicate by writing the words in Helens hand and letting her feel or touch the object to grasp exactly what it was. It started of with small inanimate objects like doll, hat and cup. Each time they would progress to more difficult words like sit, stand, walk and water. They went from words to sentences to trying to figure out how to explain the word love. Once she understood miss Sullivan’s definition of love, Keller â€Å"felt that there were invisible lines stretched between her spirit and the spirits of others† (Keller Pg. 68) She came to the realization that the deaf and blind have a more difficult time acquiring the amenities of conversation, which she accepts and understands. Malcolm X grew up in the hustler kind of environment, where he never had a good education and didn’t have to really communicate properly. Soon after Malcolm got arrested for burglary and was in jail, he became obsessed with the written word and books. He would send letters to people he had known in the hustling world, the mayor of Boston, the Governor of Massachusetts and harry S. Truman. Not one of them would write back, which made Malcolm more and more frustrated. He started off trying to read books to gain knowledge but it was useless because Malcolm didn’t understand most of the words in the books. So he decided the best thing was for him to read a dictionary, to study and learn more adequate words to add to his vocabulary. It started by copying and handwriting every word into his tablet, with every punctuation mark. After he wrote the words he would read them over and over, aloud and wake up thinking about those words. This continued until Malcolm copied the whole dictionary and knew almost every word he could. When he was done he picked up a book and could now understand what it was about. Malcolm said â€Å"I never had been so truly free in my life† (Malcolm Pg. 64). From signs and symbols having different meanings in life to finding enlightenment through a dictionary. All three of these authors have come a long way on their paths of discovering and understanding the power of language and communication. With curiosity, research, self-determination, persistence and keeping an open mind, the world of language can be explored to great measures into understanding its meaning and value.

Heart Condition Case Study

Heart Condition Case Study Samantha O’Shea Course: Healthcare Support Module: Human Growth and Development Introduction I got permission from Ned to do my assignment on him. Some of his information has been changed for confidentiality reasons. Ned is sixty and the oldest of nine children. Ned has heart condition which is hereditary in his family. His mother had an enlarged heart which the never knew till after she died. Both his father and younger sister also have a heart condition. His father died from the heart condition over twenty years ago. She died at the age of forty two years of age, five years after giving birth to Ned’s younger sister. She also had eight of her children at home which included a set of twins. Ned had a heart attack about ten years ago while he was in. He found it hard to breath and pains in his chest but didn’t realise he was taking the heart attack. When he was brought to the hospital there was test done and the discovered that he had suffered a heart attack. Ned had a second one year’s later. Before Ned had the heart attack he an unhealthy diet and a heavy smoker. He worked full time in a hotel but now is only working part time. Ned enjoys working as he gets to meet other people and it keeps him busy. A heart attack is when arteries become blocked or damaged. Plaque builds up in the arteries causing a blood clot. The muscles become damaged or die which cause the heart attack. Symptoms are: Chest pain which is most common. Shortness of breath Upper body pain i.e. jaw, back and arms Weakness Tiredness To diagnose a heart attack is getting an Electrocardiogram (ECG). Can be done in a hospital or you’re local GPs. (Irish Heart Foundation 2015) Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social (P.I.E.S) of development during late adulthood Late adulthood is from the age of sixty-five plus. Their development is completed. Physical People in this age group will be going through different physical development caused by aging, their walking be getting slower. In some cases people will get lose some of their fine motor skills such as writing or open a door. Also some people’s ears grow. By 65 a lot of people will have grey hair, wrinkles, their muscles weakening and skin will losing or not as flexible. Also their bones will get weaker. According to Erikson’s, he believes that people in the 65+ age have more health problems when they get older. Examples off health problems such as diabetes, refluxes, heart condition dementia and motor neuron (MN). Intellectual A lot of people will be fully developed. In some cases some people will lose their memory from dementia or their thinking will start to slow down. Some people won’t be quick enough to remember stuff e.g. birthdays. People won’t be quick enough to solve problems. According to Cliff Notes older people will learn work or information a bit slower than other people or even to remember any work. Their memory won’t be as good as a younger person. But believe that they can still learn as much as a younger person. (Cliff Notes 2014) Emotional Some people could be upset because they are losing people around them such as friends and family. They could be upset because they have to retire. They could be used to working and they don’t want to be sitting around doing nothing which could cause a person to become depressed or lonely. Some people could be emotional because of an illness they have or they could be dying According to Kubler – Ross a person has to go through the different stages of dying. There are five different stages which are Denial, Anger Bargaining, Depression and Acceptance. A person will go through a lot of different emotions from an illness or dying and will go through Kubler – Ross theory. (Cliff Notes 2014) Social A lot of people at this age will have a lot of people around them such as family and friends. If they are retire the can spend a lot more time with people by doing activities or even some lunch. Another side of retiring people will become anti social because the fell that they have know one around them, which can cause people to become depressed. According to Erikson’s Integrity VS Despair 65 + a lot of older people recall on their past. They look back at their pride and their dignity. Erikson believes that people in this age category accept death. He then believes that elderly people start isolating themselves from peer groups. They start looking back at their achievements, mistakes and/or missed opportunities. He often believes that people at this age will start isolating themselves from others. Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social (P.I.E.S) of development of individual as well as your own personal prejudices, fears and anxieties Ned’s Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social (P.I.E.S) didn’t change much throughout his late adulthood from the heart attack Physical Before Ned had his heart attack he lived an unhealthy lifestyle which included unsociable working hours and he was a heavy smoker. He only works part time now. After having the heart attack he became more tired and he wouldn’t be able to do much work. Ned does certain jobs and he can become weak or breathless. Intellectual Ned has his full senses in his age. He has great memory and is able to solve problems. Ned is able to interact with other people. Ned’s intellectual development didn’t change. Emotional Ned is nervous because he is retiring in a few years. He is used to working because he is working since he was fourteen or fifteen so he has been working for over fifty years. After Ned having the heart attack he was upset because he was going through a difficult time but now he is fine. Social Ned has a good social life. He sees his family regularly and also his friends. He enjoys going to occasions such as weddings to have a good time. Also he enjoys going to his sibling’s house for dinner and a chat. He also has a good relationship with some of his work mates They all started in one of the factories in town and then got the job in the hotel. My own personal prejudice, fears and anxieties on Ned’s Hearth Condition. I am worried that Ned will take another heart attack that would affect his development. It could affect him physically by getting weaker and he mightn’t be able to return to work. Intellectual it could affect him by him losing his memory which wouldn’t be good for Ned. Emotionally and socially it could affect him by being depressed by not able to work if he has another heart attack. Ned could become anti sociable and depressed. Variations/Factors affecting the individual at this stage of life Ned at this stage is still working part time and is enjoying it as is working since he was young. Ned’s health doesn’t affect him that much, unless he is doing something that is making his heart over work such as lifting something to heavy or rushing. It could make him tired or breathless. If Ned does something to put straining on his heart it could affect him by having another heart attack. A way he could manage it is by not lifting anything to heavy or eating unhealthy food which will help his heart. He could go for little walks to keep fit. Another thing that could affect Ned is if he over does something like too much exercise, pushing something he can’t. Ned would be putting too much strain on his heart which could leave him breathless, tired or even in hospital. Ned could do some light exercise. When Ned hits retirement his routine will be out because he won’t be working. Ned won’t be able to interact with as many people because he won’t be working and also he is a single man. He won’t have anyone to talk to. Another way is that Ned stops or cuts down on smoking as it affects his health. Recommendations to respond confidently to needs of person I would recommend Ned to start getting involved with age action so that he can get involved with other people. He won’t become isolated or non sociable with other people. He can meet up with people for an hour or two a week for a chat and a cup of tea. I also recommend that Ned gets involved with the day care centre the days he isn’t working. He can interact with other people and also get his dinner there for little as five euro. In the day care centre they provide activities. I recommend he joins the Active Retirement Association Tullamore (T.A.R.A). This is on one day a week for people over the age of 55. The get to go on trips over Ireland, have social gatherings, exercise and creative opportunities. Another organisation Ned could join is the Arden View resource centre. It allows the people to meet up and socialise with other people, go on day trips, and get to do activities. Ned could do any of these organisations that won’t be too stressful or to harmful on his heart. Ned will get to interact with other people and become more sociable. He would enjoy the activities and socialising with other people because he likes talking and getting involved. Also these would help Ned to get used to being in organisations because he will be retiring in the next year or two. If he starts now he will get used to being in organisations and where as if he leaves it to the last minute he mightn’t have the confidence to join. Conclusion From doing this assignment I learnt that Ned’s family heart condition is genetic in his family. His family should be getting themselves checked for heart condition because the could be affected. I also learnt more about a heart disease and what it’s physical and mental affects are on someone. I learnt that it could kill of some of your heart and I learnt more on the signs and symptoms such as the upper body pain. Bibliography Book Creative Training Book 2015 Web sites Cliffs Notes (2014) Development in Late Adulthood [online], Available: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/psychology/psychology/developmental-psychology-age-13-to-65/development-in-late-adulthood [accessed 30th March 2015] Cliffs Notes (2014) Intelligence and Memory age 65 [online], Available: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/psychology/development-psychology/physical-cognitive-development-65/intelligence-and-memory-age-65 [accessed 30th March 2015] Irish Heart Foundation (2015) Heart Attack [online], Available: https://www.irishheart.ie/iopen24/heart-attack-t-7_19_61.html [accessed 29th March 2015] 1 5M4339Samantha O’Shea

Surviving the Cold War

When America dropped a bomb on Japan in 1945 it marked the end of World War 2 and the beginning of the Cold War. The government urged citizens to be prepared for the worst; an atomic bomb. It was a time of extreme fear. It was a time to take measures in your own hands to protect your family. As head of my household during the cold war it would be hard not to fall pray to the constant propaganda of the day. Since any above ground post atomic attack survival strategies would be futile; efforts would be made for an underground or bunker survival. I would build a shelter at least four levels deep underground. The engineering behind this structure would have to be well thought out. Things like radiation resistant paint would be carefully considered. Every minor detail would be planned out before taking on construction. The creation of a survival plan would be part of the essential strategy. This would be rehearsed on a regular basis so in the event, things would operate smoothly. Each member of the family would be charged with specific duties, to avoid any confusion and chaos. It would be practiced routinely so that it becomes second nature. In order to survive extended periods of time in a confined space your basic requirements must be met. The storage of water and food would be priority. I would try to build a tank that could hold at least a thousand gallons of water; as for food as many dried and can goods as possible. There would be no such thing as too much. My goal would be to have enough resources to last a year. I would make sure we had adequate power supply with back up generators and batteries for a year. Having an extensive first aid kit would be fundamental, in case of minor injuries and exposure to hazardous materials. Another key strategy would be secrecy. Information about the family bunker and supplies would not be shared with neighbors or any other non family members. I feel this is imperative for our survival. If the news of our location was shared with people our survival would be compromised because of having to share our resources and limited space. Finally the need for information would be a central motivator for reading the paper and watching the news reports about nemy operations and threats against the homeland. Keeping abreast of the news would let me know if it is safe to go outside or not. If we are expecting anymore bomb treats and generally what’s going on in the world around us. In any society that lives under fear, it is extremely important to be informed. Being prepared as best as possible would be your only chance for survival. Throughout history mankind have engaged in wars and I firmly believe that like them, we too; are resilient and can survive with the right preparations.

Children Stay at Home for Entertainment Essay

The twenty first century held many changes for our life . This changes are different and multifarious . as well as this covered all aspects of life. The most effect was on the children that changed their life completely different rather than previous generation . Those children become spend a large amount of time inside their homes , playing computer games and watching television , rather than playing games and sport outside . This phenomenon is disturbing many people, therefore they ask what are the benefits , and what are the drawbacks in this case. This essay will talk about these views. To begin with ,there are two reasons may be most advantages for the children spend a large of time inside their home. Firstly , It is clear that children who spend more time at home for entertainment will be more safe from those who spend time outside, which may causes for them risk of theft or assault. Secondly , Children sit at home a long time help them to avoid many bad practices such as smoking or drug. On the other hand , there are many drawbacks in this instance , firstly , children who spend bulk of time inside their home, that means they will disappear from the sun for a long time, it may result in they have deficiency in vitamin D , which the sunlight is natural source for it , â€Å"kids tend to stay indoor more days and play on their computers instead enjoying the fresh air . This mean their vitamin D levels are worse then previous years â€Å"(S.Peace 2010)[1]. Consequently it lead to some diseases such as rickets , which this practice blamed for increasing numbers of children suffer from it . As well as these figures dismayed some scientists as well according to professor T Cheetham from Newcastle university[2] . Secondly, stay a long time in front of screen lead to fitness that the most common diseases among children. In conclusion can the children of new century enjoying with a new technologies , but they should not ignore the healthy practice which protect them from diseases . In fact I think the generation of this century is more lucky than their ancestors ,particularly if I compared him with our generation.

Towton - Battle of Towton - Wars of the Roses - Edward IV

Towton - Battle of Towton - Wars of the Roses - Edward IV Battle of Towton: Date Conflict: The Battle of Towton was fought on March 29, 1461, during the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). Armies Commanders Yorkists Edward IV20,000-36,000 men Lancastrians Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset25,000-42,000 men Battle of Towton - Background: Beginning in 1455, the Wars of the Roses saw a dynastic conflict erupt between King Henry VI (Lancastrians) and the out-of-favor Richard, Duke of York (Yorkists). Prone to bouts of insanity, Henrys cause was chiefly advocated by his wife, Margaret of Anjou, who sought to protect their sons, Edward of Westminster, birthright. In 1460, the fighting escalated with Yorkist forces winning the Battle of Northampton and capturing Henry. Seeking to assert his power, Richard attempted to claim the throne after the victory. Blocked from this by his supporters, he agreed to the Act of Accord which disinherited Henrys son and stated that Richard would ascend to the throne upon the kings death. Unwilling to let this stand, Margaret raised an army in northern England to revive the Lancastrian cause. Marching north in late 1460, Richard was defeated and killed at the Battle of Wakefield. Moving south, Margarets army defeated the Earl of Warwick at the Second Battle of St. Albans and recovered Henry. Advancing on London, her army was prevented from entering the city by the Council of London which feared looting. Battle of Towton - A King Made: As Henry was unwilling to enter the city by force, negotiations began between Margaret and the council. During this time, she learned that Richards son, Edward, Earl of March, had defeated Lancastrian forces near the Welsh border at Mortimers Cross and was uniting with the remnants of Warwicks army. Concerned about this threat to their rear, the Lancastrian army began withdrawing northwards to a defensible line along the River Aire. From here they could safely await reinforcements from the north. A skillful politician, Warwick brought Edward to London and on March 4 had him crowned as King Edward IV. Battle of Towton - Initial Encounters: Seeking to defend his newly won crown, Edward immediately began moving to crush the Lancastrian forces in the north. Departing on March 11, the army marched north in three divisions under the command of Warwick, Lord Fauconberg, and Edward. In addition, John Mowbry, Duke of Norfolk, was sent to the eastern counties to raise additional troops. As the Yorkists advanced, Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, commanding the Lancastrian army began making preparations for battle. Leaving Henry, Margaret, and Prince Edward at York, he deployed his forces between the villages of Saxton and Towton. On March 28, 500 Lancastrians under John Neville and Lord Clifford attacked a Yorkist detachment at Ferrybridge. Overwhelming men under Lord Fitzwater, they secured the bridge over the Aire. Learning of this, Edward organized a counterattack and sent Warwick to attack Ferrybridge. To support this advance, Fauconberg was ordered to cross the river four miles upstream at Castleford and move to attack Cliffords right flank. While Warwicks assault was largely held, Clifford was forced to fall back when Fauconberg arrived. In a running fight, the Lancastrians were defeated and Clifford was killed near Dinting Dale. Battle of Towton - Battle Joined: The crossing retaken, Edward advanced across the river the next morning, Palm Sunday, despite the fact that Norfolk still had not arrived. Aware of the previous days defeat, Somerset deployed the Lancastrian army on a high plateau with its right anchored on the stream of the Cock Beck. Though the Lancastrians occupied a strong a position and had a numerical advantage, the weather worked against them as the wind was in their face. A snowy day, this blew the snow in their eyes and limited visibility. Forming to the south, the veteran Fauconberg advanced his archers and opened fire. Assisted by the strong the wind, the Yorkist arrows fell in the Lancastrian ranks causing casualties. Replying, the Lancastrian archers arrows were hampered by the wind and fell short of the enemys line. Unable to see this due to the weather, they emptied their quivers to no effect. Again the Yorkist archers advanced, gathering up the Lancastrian arrows and shooting them back. With losses mounting, Somerset was forced to take action and ordered his troops forward with a cry of King Henry! Slamming into the Yorkist line, they slowly began pushing them back (Map). On the Lancastrian right, Somersets cavalry succeeded in driving off its opposite number, but the threat was contained when Edward shifted troops block their advance. Details pertaining the fighting are scarce, but it is known that Edward flew about the field encouraging his men to hold and fight. As the battle raged, the weather worsened and several impromptu truces were called to clear the dead and wounded from between the lines. With his army under severe pressure, Edwards fortunes were bolstered when Norfolk arrived after noon. Joining Edwards right, his fresh troops slowly began to turn the battle. Outflanked by the new arrivals, Somerset shifted troops from his right and center to meet the threat. As the fighting continued, Norfolks men began to push back the Lancastrian right as Somersets men tired. Finally as their line neared Towton Dale, it broke and with it the entire Lancastrian army. Collapsing into full retreat, they fled north in an attempt to cross the Cock Beck. In full pursuit, Edwards men inflicted severe losses on the retreating Lancastrians. At the river a small timber bridge quickly collapsed and others reportedly crossed on a bridge of bodies. Sending horsemen forward, Edward pursued the fleeing soldiers through the night as the remnants of Somersets army retreated to York. Battle of Towton - Aftermath: Casualties for the Battle of Towton are not known with any precision though some sources indicate they may have been has high as 28,000 total. Others estimate losses around 20,000 with 15,000 for Somerset and 5,000 for Edward. The largest battle fought in Britain, Towton was a decisive victory for Edward and effectively secured his crown. Abandoning York, Henry and Margaret fled north to Scotland before separating with the latter ultimately going to France to seek aid. Though some fighting continued for the next decade, Edward ruled in relative peace until the Readeption of Henry VI in 1470. Selected Sources HistoryNet: Battle of TowtonUK Battlfields Resource Centre: Battle of Towton

Differences And Difficulties In Description In Mil Essays

Differences And Difficulties In Description In Mil Essays Differences And Difficulties In Description In Milton What is it about the human imagination that allows one to conceptualize the deepest, darkest hell yet makes it difficult to envision heaven? Even Milton had his problems with the descriptions of God and heaven in Paradise Lost as opposed to the relative ease he had with Satan and hell. William Blake said, The reason Milton wrote in fetters when he wrote of Angels & God, and at liberty when of Devils & Hell, is because he is a true Poet and of the Devils party without knowing it. (The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, 1790) Why exactly were the descriptions of God, and heaven limited, and how are the same fetters not applicable when Milton was dealing with Satan, and hell, and why does this appeal to the reader more? From the beginning, Satan and hell have the advantage when being described verbally. In a Judeo-Christian viewpoint, evil lends itself much more readily to physical description than its counterpart because of its inherent association with the material world. On the other end of the spectrum, it is challenging to describe God or heaven with any degree of detail without referring to the corporeal world, and in doing so, committing impiety. Milton could not give, or even allude to the dimensions of God or heaven without being accused of blasphemy. As a result, God and heaven becomes intangible, or is described in vague metaphors of light and goodness. It is much easier to describe Satan with his spear that was equal to the tallest Pine/ Hewn on Norwegian Hills or his shield that Hung on his shoulders like the Moon (Book I, line 287) than to describe a God of infinitely larger proportions. Likewise, it is much less cumbersome to raise Pandaemonium in our imaginations with its Doric pilla rs overlaid/ With Golden Architrave (Book I, line 714-15) than to describe heaven. Therefore, the descriptions of God or heaven are sparse in comparison to the heavy description of Satan and hell. Yet another reason why Miltons voice falters when describing God or heaven is that the human imagination longs for strife. The dynamic is more captivating than the stationery. Satan is in the thick of it all. He has just been flung from heaven, and is in deep turmoil while God is enjoying his eternal rule. Hell is a newborn in contrast to the established institution of heaven. Satan and his devils in hell are the more active characters in the poem with little to lose, but much to gain with Satans venture out of hell. Much of the diabolical description in Paradise Lost is narrated in animated realistic detail whereas the heavenly descriptions are through Satans nostalgic speeches. Satans speeches give the reader a greater sense of the contrast between heaven and hell. Heaven is idealized and denied through Satans unreliable voice, which renders hazy, and imprecise images. In turn, this makes hell and its struggle more vibrant in the readers imagination, and therefore, more appealing t han heavens steady maintenance. There are many things in heaven that do not lend easily themselves to our human minds yet so much in hell that comes naturally. It is humanitys love for the volatile that makes the drama of Satans struggle so much more absorbing than the monotony of Gods stability. It is the physicality ingrained in our minds that allow us into hell, yet disengage us from heaven. It is because we are human that we readily hear the hiss of the forked-tongue, and it is because we are human that heavens universal hum often falls upon deaf ears.

Book summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book summary - Essay Example Kracha is not hitherto focused to lead an American life. During his search he meets Zuska ,a young married woman and falls in love with her. Unfortunately he spends all his money on her birthday by buying her whiskey but does not win her love. His extravagance nature forces him to proceed the rest of the journey on foot. At White Haven, he meets his brother and a Slovak Immigrant Puskin and Dubik respectively. Dubik develops a strong relationship and become best friends. As a result he is Dubik’s best man during his wedding.Even after Dubik moves to Andrews steel mill he encourages Kracha to join him. Kracha emulates the American lifestyle of power and money as he despises his wife-Elena consequently; ignoring her existence for over two years with the hope of winning Zuska’s love .Kracha ignores Elena’s feeling and declares Zuska as her second wife prompting the Americans to retract from purchasing from Kracha’s butcher shop. As a result the business falls and resolves to drinking revealing showing his incompetence in the business as opposed to what is expected in the US .Kracha ends up losing everything including his second wife. In contrast the second immigrant, Mike Dobrejcak is educated and is more accustomed to the Americans way of life. However mike falls in love with Kracha’s daughter, Mary .At that time she was working for an American family that resides near the beach. The two marry and live a happy life. Unlike other immigrants Mike’s education equips him with the necessity of making his family to live the best life and consequently the luxuries that come with it. However, his job does not support his desire. Unfortunately his mysterious death prompts a series of difficulties as the wife has to take care of their daughter. Thereafter his wife and daughter suffer influenza and she could not visit the sanatorium as

Enterprising management ( food care ltd-quality caterer must cut a Essay

Enterprising management ( food care ltd-quality caterer must cut a bigger slice of the profits cake) - Essay Example Another ploy used by rivals is the offer of other services unrelated to catering to suggest as a bundle of services to customers who prefer to devolve these to a single party for sake of convenience and overall lower costs. Yet another worry for FCL is the rumour that it is likely to be taken over by a larger rival. This puts off the prospective or existing customer in the belief that their quality will be affected adversely. This also affects the workforce as they feel threatened by these takeover prospects. There are three issues that need to be dealt with. (1) A definitive business strategy needs to be designed to take the business forward; (2) Profitability has to increase from the present low of 2%; and finally the (3) Self-esteem, especially of the workforce, has to be boosted. Strategy can be planned by understanding the nature and need of competitive advantage; increase in profits requires a business plan; and raising self esteem in the workforce requires motivation. (1) Business strategy has to revolve around acquiring and then maintaining customers. This has special application in the catering business where the customer is retained for very long periods. In such organisations the orders are repetitive and require tailor made executions that must continue to satisfy the customer. Customer satisfaction rests on the principles of quality, price and service. The customer has to be convinced that quality will mean long-term health and nutritious value of the meals supplied. Price has to be competitive and for this the strengthened supply chain will ensure lowest costs. Still some price escalations may happen and it is here that the element of strong service comes into play. Service can include some peripheral services like running of the catering centre from the customer premises or providing some extras to augment tastes and preferences. These services must however relate to the core competency of the organisation as it is here that they will be

Project assignment (Business Analysis and Process Consulting) Essay

Project assignment (Business Analysis and Process Consulting) - Essay Example Products and practices that can be incorporated for the expansion of service offerings as well as reduction of impact on the environment by Foresbys include that of introducing home cleaning services, waste management services, recycling services and security service for homes as well as offices (Checkland & Poulter, 2006). Waste management and recycling businesses share synergy with cleaning services because waste, that is produced and eliminated in a process of cleaning, needs to be disposed properly. Also, such waste management is required by each one of the client, who employ cleaning services invariably. Hence, there appears to be some definite synergy between the business and the proposed issue of change. Once the contract for cleaning was secured, the company sent their cleaning agents to the said location for performing their tasks within specified time frame. The cleaning agents were qualified officials who had the requisite training in safe and efficient cleaning of office premises and were also trained for specialized cleaning. To improve upon the existing distribution and operations structure, Foresbys can form specialized teams who were capable of handling specific jobs, rather than multiple cleaning activities at once. This would not only instil efficiency at specific work, but also increase the speed of cleaning tasks undertaken by the company (Checkland, 2000). The customers shall pay for proper disposal of their waste material and company can also charge them with a premium price for using environment friendly and safe products while performing cleaning activities. Customers are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment and shall be willing to pay additional prices for the environmental cause. Furthermore, it would provide the company with a sustainability edge over other cleaning businesses in the country. Socially responsible company behaviour

Syntactic Development of Children Essay Example for Free

Syntactic Development of Children Essay Language developmentphonology, semantics, syntax and pragmaticsplays a key role in child development; whereas it acts as an indicator for the important facets of child progression, its’ more important function is that it facilitates the child’s course of learning in terms of linguistics and cognitive abilities.   The pattern and capacity of the child learner for language developmentthe acknowledgement of morphemes and the use of syntax-is normally referred to as â€Å"First Language Acquistion.† Chomsky (1975), one of the major proponents of Nature’s role in acquisition, contended that there exist a universal grammar and that the child-learners (/infants/growing child) have innate, language-specific abilities that facilitate and constrain language learning. Children are said to develop an almost innate or automatic synaptic rules without explicit instruction from their surroundings/environment. The generative language and the transformation adopts a minimalist approach wherein there is economy in terms of derivation and representation in grammar and syntax.   Chomsky (1959;65) suggested the Bare Phase Structure wherein sentence building is derivational, not pre-conceived, binarily-branched, and no recognizable head and terminal parts. Up to now, such notion is vague and problematic. Basically, language development starts from two-word utterances during the early stage of the child’s life to a rule-governed system of language at ages three to four. Past four years old, the child starts to explore and learn morphology ‘creatively’. Concomitant to this is the development of Mean Length Utterances (MLUs) from simple telegraphic morphemes to grammatical morphemes. Grammatical morphemes refer to the inflection of content (e.g. number and tenses) and function of words (e.g. preposition and articles) (Brown 1973). Acquisition of grammatical morphemes follows a certain order which is dependent on the complexity of the (set of) words. Prepositions, plural forms and present progressive tenses are easily acquired compared to contractible copula and auxiliary forms of the words. Such order is determined by semantic and syntactic complexity. Learners from pre-school and first grade have the capacity to correctly apply grammatical morphemes to novel words. Dulay and Burt (1978;82) constructed the acquisition hierarchy for 13 English grammatical morphemes for Spanish-speaking- and Cantonese-speaking children which is summarily describes as follows: Group 1 (Nominative/Accusative: simple declarative sentences), Group II (singular copula, s/p auxiliary, progressive), Group III (Past Irregular, possessive, 3rd person singular, conditional auxiliary, long plural) and Group IV (perfect auxiliary and past participle). The problem with such assumption on interlanguage is that the theory is too reduced or oversimplified. While it is true that syntactic development follows a process, the major problems involved are the different comparison groups used for the study, the progression is not systematically defined, and of course, there exist the language variation. Such language variation is real and must be accepted as a challenge for future research on the subject. To fully understand interlanguage, future researchers should consider a wider scope in cognitive and linguistic aspects correlated to early learning. Works Cited Brown, R. A First Language: The Early Stages. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard UP,1973. Chomsky, N. Reflections on Language. NY: Pantheon Books, 1975. Chomsky, Noam. 1959. Review of Verbal Behavior by B.F. Skinner. Language 35, 26-58. Chomsky, Noam. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1965 Dulay, H., and M. Burt.. Errors and strategies in child second language acquisition. TESOL Quaterley 1974, 8, 129-136. Dulay, H., and M. Burt. Some remarks on creativity in language acquisition. In William C. Ritchie (ed.). Second Language Acquisition Research, NY: Academic Press, 1978. Dulay, H.,M.Burt, and S. D. Krashen. Language Two. New York: Oxford UP, 1982. Dulay, H., E. Hernandez-Chavez, and M. Burt. The process of becoming bilingual. In S. Singh and J. Lynch (ed). Diagnostic Procedures in Hearing, Speech and Language. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1978, 251-303.